Which process is described as decoding an mRNA message into a protein?

Which process is described as decoding an mRNA message into a protein?

• A. Translation
• B. Transcription
• C. Replication
• D. Transformation

Answer: (A)

Translation decodes the information contained in an mRNA message to build a protein. The ribosome reads the mRNA codons three nucleotides at a time, and each codon specifies a particular amino acid. tRNA molecules bring the matching amino acids and pair their anticodons with the mRNA codons, delivering the correct building blocks in the right order. As amino acids are linked by peptide bonds, a polypeptide chain forms and then folds into a functional protein. This step uses the instructions in the mRNA to determine the protein sequence, while transcription creates the mRNA from DNA, replication copies DNA, and transformation refers to uptake of foreign DNA.

Translation decodes the information contained in an mRNA message to build a protein. The ribosome reads the mRNA codons three nucleotides at a time, and each codon specifies a particular amino acid. tRNA molecules bring the matching amino acids and pair their anticodons with the mRNA codons, delivering the correct building blocks in the right order. As amino acids are linked by peptide bonds, a polypeptide chain forms and then folds into a functional protein. This step uses the instructions in the mRNA to determine the protein sequence, while transcription creates the mRNA from DNA, replication copies DNA, and transformation refers to uptake of foreign DNA.